Underground utility locating is generally highly accurate, but precision depends on equipment type, soil conditions, depth, and operator skill. Advanced tools like ground-penetrating radar (GPR), electromagnetic locators, and acoustic devices can detect buried utilities with centimetre-level accuracy under ideal conditions.
Factors affecting accuracy:
| Factor |
Impact on locating accuracy |
| Soil type & moisture |
High conductivity soils (clay, wet ground) can reduce signal clarity |
| Depth of utility |
Shallow utilities are easier to detect than deep ones |
| Utility material |
Metal pipes and cables reflect signals well; plastic or non-metallic pipes can be harder to locate |
| Operator skill & calibration |
Experienced operators with properly calibrated equipment achieve the best results |
For best outcomes, results from underground locating should be verified and, if necessary, combined with other survey methods before excavation.